Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Pension expenditure as % of GDP, Eurostat definition (ESSPROS): old-age, anticipated and partial old-age, survivors', disability and early-retirement pensions; public and private social-protection schemes. Comparable across European countries; a different scope from the COR's (French mandatory schemes).· Public and private spending, Eurostat definition· Not comparable with the COR projections for France (mandatory French schemes only, a different scope)
15% GDP
2024
Source: Eurostat — ESSPROS (spr_exp_pens)· Data 2024Source type : Official
Old age, survivors, disability, early retirement · Public and private spending, Eurostat definition · Upd. 10/2026 · Y-axis truncated
Median equivalised disposable income of people aged 65+ divided by that of people under 65 (1 = parity). EU-SILC survey (Eurostat), survey year; incomes refer to the previous year.· Survey year: incomes of the previous year· Median income ratio — not the COR’s mean standard of living of retirees
0.97ratio
2025
Source: Eurostat — EU-SILC (ilc_pnp2)· Data 2025Source type : Official
Median income 65+ / under 65 (1 = parity) · Survey year: incomes of the previous year · Upd. 09/2026 · Y-axis truncated
Spending of all French mandatory pension schemes (incl. FSV, excl. RAFP), % of GDP: observed, then projected in the COR reference scenario (annual report, June 2026). A different scope from the Eurostat definition: not comparable with other countries.· Projections: reference scenario of the COR (Conseil d’orientation des retraites), annual report of June 2026 — central Insee demographic assumptions (fertility 1.45 from 2028, net migration +150,000 a year), hourly labour productivity +0.7 % a year, unemployment 7 % from 2040. It is a scenario, not a forecast: it is sensitive to the productivity, unemployment and net-migration assumptions. The headline is always the last observed year, never a projection.· Scope: all French mandatory pension schemes, including the old-age solidarity fund (FSV), excluding the civil-service supplementary scheme (RAFP). A different scope from Eurostat’s « pension expenditure » (which also counts disability and private schemes): never compare the two figures, nor this card with other countries.· The COR’s 2025 « observed » point comes from the Social Security Accounts Commission forecast (CCSS): it is shown as an estimate (dashed), the headline is the last fully observed year (2024).· Licence : Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0 — COR (Insee, Drees, CCSS sources)
Resources minus spending of all French mandatory pension schemes (EPR convention), % of GDP: observed, then projected in the COR reference scenario (June 2026).· Projections: reference scenario of the COR (Conseil d’orientation des retraites), annual report of June 2026 — central Insee demographic assumptions (fertility 1.45 from 2028, net migration +150,000 a year), hourly labour productivity +0.7 % a year, unemployment 7 % from 2040. It is a scenario, not a forecast: it is sensitive to the productivity, unemployment and net-migration assumptions. The headline is always the last observed year, never a projection.· Scope: all French mandatory pension schemes, including the old-age solidarity fund (FSV), excluding the civil-service supplementary scheme (RAFP). A different scope from Eurostat’s « pension expenditure » (which also counts disability and private schemes): never compare the two figures, nor this card with other countries.· The COR’s 2025 « observed » point comes from the Social Security Accounts Commission forecast (CCSS): it is shown as an estimate (dashed), the headline is the last fully observed year (2024).· Licence : Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0 — COR (Insee, Drees, CCSS sources)
Period age at retirement (first direct-right pension, all mandatory schemes, retirees living in France or abroad): observed (Drees), then projected by the COR (same projection in every scenario). Neither the legal age nor the age of exit from the labour market.· Period age at first direct-right pension, all mandatory schemes (Drees models). The legal minimum age, the age of exit from the labour market (OECD) and the age at which the pension is claimed are three different things.· The COR projects the age at retirement identically in every scenario (it depends on the legislation and on careers, not on the economic assumptions). The headline is the last observed year, never a projection.· The COR’s 2025 « observed » point comes from the Social Security Accounts Commission forecast (CCSS): it is shown as an estimate (dashed), the headline is the last fully observed year (2024).· Licence : Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0 — COR (Insee, Drees, CCSS sources)
62.95years
2024
Source: COR· Data 2024Source type : Official
Not the legal age nor the labour-market exit age · COR projection, same in every scenario · 2025: estimate (dashed)
Retirees' mean standard of living as % of the whole population's (100 = parity): observed (Insee tax and social income surveys), then projected in the COR reference scenario (June 2026).· Projections: reference scenario of the COR (Conseil d’orientation des retraites), annual report of June 2026 — central Insee demographic assumptions (fertility 1.45 from 2028, net migration +150,000 a year), hourly labour productivity +0.7 % a year, unemployment 7 % from 2040. It is a scenario, not a forecast: it is sensitive to the productivity, unemployment and net-migration assumptions. The headline is always the last observed year, never a projection.· Licence : Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0 — COR (Insee, Drees, CCSS sources)
Number of people aged 20-64 per person aged 65 or over: Insee population estimates (provisional for the latest years), then the central demographic projection used by the COR (June 2026).· Projections: reference scenario of the COR (Conseil d’orientation des retraites), annual report of June 2026 — central Insee demographic assumptions (fertility 1.45 from 2028, net migration +150,000 a year), hourly labour productivity +0.7 % a year, unemployment 7 % from 2040. It is a scenario, not a forecast: it is sensitive to the productivity, unemployment and net-migration assumptions. The headline is always the last observed year, never a projection.· Insee population estimates are provisional for the latest years: 2024 to 2026 (population on 1 January) are shown as estimates (dashed), the headline is the last observed year.· Licence : Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0 — COR (Insee, Drees, CCSS sources)
Share of people aged 60-64 in work (Labour Force Survey, Eurostat, annual average). It is the age group directly affected by a later retirement age.· Breaks in series flagged by Eurostat (2021: new LFS regulation)
44.4%
2025
Source: Eurostat — LFS (lfsa_ergan)· Data 2025Source type : Official
People aged 60-64 in work, % of the age group · Breaks in series flagged by Eurostat (2021: new LFS regulation) · Upd. 10/2026 · Y-axis truncated
