Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Change in real GDP from one period to the next; positive means the economy grows, negative that it shrinks.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Yield at which the market lends to the State, by borrowing horizon: government bonds from 1 to 10 years, depending on the official series available for each country (daily quotes or monthly averages), with the euro-area overnight rate (€STR, ECB) as a reference. The lower it is, the cheaper the debt is to finance.· France — TEC (constant-maturity rate, Banque de France): yield of a theoretical OAT of exactly 1, 5 or 10 years, interpolated daily between the two government bonds closest to that maturity. It is what new State borrowing at that horizon costs at the day's conditions.· 1 day: €STR, the rate at which euro-area banks borrow unsecured overnight (ECB). Not a State borrowing rate, but the benchmark for very short rates.· 1 week, 1 month, 3 and 6 months: not shown. The State issues nothing shorter than four weeks, and no official, up-to-date daily series of BTF (Treasury bill) yields is available as open data: the Banque de France one (3 months) stops in July 2024.· Weekly, monthly, annual: average of the period's daily quotes; the running period is dashed and is never the value shown.· 1 day : BCE — EST.B.EU000A2X2A25.WT (since Oct 1, 2019)· 1 year : Banque de France — FM.D.FR.EUR.FR2.BB.FRMOYTEC1.HSTA (since Nov 3, 2004)· 5 years : Banque de France — FM.D.FR.EUR.FR2.BB.FRMOYTEC5.HSTA (since Nov 3, 2004)· 10 years : Banque de France — FM.D.FR.EUR.FR2.BB.FRMOYTEC10.HSTA (since Nov 3, 2004)
4.88%
Horizon
Nov 4, 2026
Frequency
Source: BCE · Banque de France· Data Nov 4, 2026Source type : Official
Outstanding consolidated gross debt of general government (central and local government, social security), in current national currency. Complements public debt as % of GDP: the amount measures what is owed, the ratio its sustainability.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Average annual rise in consumer prices (CPI); 2% is the common target, above it purchasing power erodes.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Change in real GDP from one period to the next; positive means the economy grows, negative that it shrinks.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Share of the labour force without a job and seeking one, per the ILO definition; lower is better.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Total greenhouse-gas emissions, in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent; cutting it is the climate goal.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Average annual rise in consumer prices (CPI); 2% is the common target, above it purchasing power erodes.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Number of first residence permits issued, by reason (work, study, asylum, family).
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Total spending on education as % of GDP; measures the national effort for schools and universities.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Average number of years a newborn can expect to live under current mortality conditions.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Homicides per 100,000 inhabitants; the most reliable violence indicator as it is best recorded.
1.43per 100k
2025
Source: Service statistique ministériel de la sécurité intérieure (Ministère de l'Intérieur)· Data 2025
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.House price index (Notaires-INSEE); tracks property prices, base 100 at a reference year.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Share of the population below the poverty line (60% of median income); lower is better.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Share of enterprises with 10 or more persons employed using at least one AI technology (text analysis, speech recognition, text or speech generation, image recognition, machine learning, workflow automation, autonomous movement). Scope: all activities except agriculture, mining and the financial sector. Annual ICT usage survey: Eurostat for EU countries, OECD for other G20 countries. Not comparable with the US Census BTOS (all business sizes, two-week window).· Break in series in 2023 (Eurostat): shown from 2023· Not comparable with the US Census BTOS survey (all business sizes, two-week window)
18.2%
2025
Source: Eurostat — ICT usage in enterprises (isoc_eb_ai)· Data 2025Source type : Official
Enterprises with 10+ employees · Break in series in 2023 (Eurostat): shown from 2023 · Upd. 06/2026
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Pension expenditure as % of GDP, Eurostat definition (ESSPROS): old-age, anticipated and partial old-age, survivors', disability and early-retirement pensions; public and private social-protection schemes. Comparable across European countries; a different scope from the COR's (French mandatory schemes).· Public and private spending, Eurostat definition· Not comparable with the COR projections for France (mandatory French schemes only, a different scope)
15% GDP
2024
Source: Eurostat — ESSPROS (spr_exp_pens)· Data 2024Source type : Official
Old age, survivors, disability, early retirement · Public and private spending, Eurostat definition · Upd. 10/2026 · Y-axis truncated
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Yield at which the market lends to the State, by borrowing horizon: government bonds from 1 to 10 years, depending on the official series available for each country (daily quotes or monthly averages), with the euro-area overnight rate (€STR, ECB) as a reference. The lower it is, the cheaper the debt is to finance.· France — TEC (constant-maturity rate, Banque de France): yield of a theoretical OAT of exactly 1, 5 or 10 years, interpolated daily between the two government bonds closest to that maturity. It is what new State borrowing at that horizon costs at the day's conditions.· 1 day: €STR, the rate at which euro-area banks borrow unsecured overnight (ECB). Not a State borrowing rate, but the benchmark for very short rates.· 1 week, 1 month, 3 and 6 months: not shown. The State issues nothing shorter than four weeks, and no official, up-to-date daily series of BTF (Treasury bill) yields is available as open data: the Banque de France one (3 months) stops in July 2024.· Weekly, monthly, annual: average of the period's daily quotes; the running period is dashed and is never the value shown.· 1 day : BCE — EST.B.EU000A2X2A25.WT (since Oct 1, 2019)· 1 year : Banque de France — FM.D.FR.EUR.FR2.BB.FRMOYTEC1.HSTA (since Nov 3, 2004)· 5 years : Banque de France — FM.D.FR.EUR.FR2.BB.FRMOYTEC5.HSTA (since Nov 3, 2004)· 10 years : Banque de France — FM.D.FR.EUR.FR2.BB.FRMOYTEC10.HSTA (since Nov 3, 2004)
4.88%
Horizon
Nov 4, 2026
Frequency
Source: BCE · Banque de France· Data Nov 4, 2026Source type : Official
Spending of all French mandatory pension schemes (incl. FSV, excl. RAFP), % of GDP: observed, then projected in the COR reference scenario (annual report, June 2026). A different scope from the Eurostat definition: not comparable with other countries.· Projections: reference scenario of the COR (Conseil d’orientation des retraites), annual report of June 2026 — central Insee demographic assumptions (fertility 1.45 from 2028, net migration +150,000 a year), hourly labour productivity +0.7 % a year, unemployment 7 % from 2040. It is a scenario, not a forecast: it is sensitive to the productivity, unemployment and net-migration assumptions. The headline is always the last observed year, never a projection.· Scope: all French mandatory pension schemes, including the old-age solidarity fund (FSV), excluding the civil-service supplementary scheme (RAFP). A different scope from Eurostat’s « pension expenditure » (which also counts disability and private schemes): never compare the two figures, nor this card with other countries.· The COR’s 2025 « observed » point comes from the Social Security Accounts Commission forecast (CCSS): it is shown as an estimate (dashed), the headline is the last fully observed year (2024).· Licence : Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0 — COR (Insee, Drees, CCSS sources)
Breakdown of the French State general budget by ministerial mission (latest finance law, payment credits). Different concept from « general government spending » (COFOG / Eurostat) which includes social security and local authorities — this is the central State alone (~€594bn in 2026 vs ~€1500bn for general government).
Reading keys for the more opaque missions:
• Refunds & tax credits (€146bn): technical line — VAT refunds, R&D tax credit (CIR), other tax credits flowing back to taxpayers. Not actual policy spending. State's « real » mission spending ≈ €448bn.
• Financial commitments (€60bn): essentially debt servicing (interest payments).
• Solidarity (€31bn): RSA, prime d'activité, AAH disability allowance.
• Territorial cohesion (€23bn): housing aid (APL) + urban policy.
• Police & gendarmerie (€26bn): national police + gendarmerie + civil security.
• School education (€90bn): primary + secondary; higher education sits in « Research & higher education ».
593Mds €
State general budget — 2026 (payment credits)
Refunds & tax credits (technical line)
145.6 Mds €
School education
89.6 Mds €
Defense
66.5 Mds €
Source: Loi de finances pour 2026 (LFI 2026) · LOI n° 2026-103 du 19 février 2026· Data 2026
Source: Ministère des Armées (defense.gouv.fr) — État-major des armées, points de situation hebdomadaires + page « missions et opérations »· Data May 2026
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Change in real GDP from one period to the next; positive means the economy grows, negative that it shrinks.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Yield at which the market lends to the State, by borrowing horizon: government bonds from 1 to 10 years, depending on the official series available for each country (daily quotes or monthly averages), with the euro-area overnight rate (€STR, ECB) as a reference. The lower it is, the cheaper the debt is to finance.· France — TEC (constant-maturity rate, Banque de France): yield of a theoretical OAT of exactly 1, 5 or 10 years, interpolated daily between the two government bonds closest to that maturity. It is what new State borrowing at that horizon costs at the day's conditions.· 1 day: €STR, the rate at which euro-area banks borrow unsecured overnight (ECB). Not a State borrowing rate, but the benchmark for very short rates.· 1 week, 1 month, 3 and 6 months: not shown. The State issues nothing shorter than four weeks, and no official, up-to-date daily series of BTF (Treasury bill) yields is available as open data: the Banque de France one (3 months) stops in July 2024.· Weekly, monthly, annual: average of the period's daily quotes; the running period is dashed and is never the value shown.· 1 day : BCE — EST.B.EU000A2X2A25.WT (since Oct 1, 2019)· 1 year : Banque de France — FM.D.FR.EUR.FR2.BB.FRMOYTEC1.HSTA (since Nov 3, 2004)· 5 years : Banque de France — FM.D.FR.EUR.FR2.BB.FRMOYTEC5.HSTA (since Nov 3, 2004)· 10 years : Banque de France — FM.D.FR.EUR.FR2.BB.FRMOYTEC10.HSTA (since Nov 3, 2004)
4.88%
Horizon
Nov 4, 2026
Frequency
Source: BCE · Banque de France· Data Nov 4, 2026Source type : Official
Gross domestic product at current prices, expressed in billions of US dollars (market exchange rate). The standard cross-country measure of "size of the economy" in a common currency.
Breakdown of the French State general budget by ministerial mission (latest finance law, payment credits). Different concept from « general government spending » (COFOG / Eurostat) which includes social security and local authorities — this is the central State alone (~€594bn in 2026 vs ~€1500bn for general government).
Reading keys for the more opaque missions:
• Refunds & tax credits (€146bn): technical line — VAT refunds, R&D tax credit (CIR), other tax credits flowing back to taxpayers. Not actual policy spending. State's « real » mission spending ≈ €448bn.
• Financial commitments (€60bn): essentially debt servicing (interest payments).
• Solidarity (€31bn): RSA, prime d'activité, AAH disability allowance.
• Territorial cohesion (€23bn): housing aid (APL) + urban policy.
• Police & gendarmerie (€26bn): national police + gendarmerie + civil security.
• School education (€90bn): primary + secondary; higher education sits in « Research & higher education ».
593Mds €
State general budget — 2026 (payment credits)
Refunds & tax credits (technical line)
145.6 Mds €
School education
89.6 Mds €
Defense
66.5 Mds €
Source: Loi de finances pour 2026 (LFI 2026) · LOI n° 2026-103 du 19 février 2026· Data 2026
National output (GDP) divided by population; a rough proxy for average living standards. Shown in the source's unit: euros (Eurostat, Destatis), international dollars at purchasing-power parity (IMF) or US dollars (BEA, World Bank).
Public hospitals, outpatient care, pharmaceuticals, public health (share of total public expenditure — distinct concept from total health expenditure % GDP which includes private spending).
Social benefits of the old-age and survivors risk (retirement and survivor pensions, minimum old-age income…), all schemes, France, in billions of constant euros of the latest published year (deflated by the Insee consumer price index). Source: DREES, social protection accounts. Same scope as the « Old age and survivors » card in % of GDP.· Amounts published by DREES in current euros, converted to constant euros of the latest published year with the Insee consumer price index (all households, France): the line shows the change net of inflation. Scope: social benefits of the risk, all schemes; see the % of GDP card for the weight in the economy.· Licence : Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0 (French open licence) — DREES, Insee
Social benefits of the health risk (sickness, disability, work accidents and occupational diseases), France, in billions of constant euros of the latest published year (deflated by the Insee consumer price index). Source: DREES, social protection accounts. Same scope as the « Health » card in % of GDP; not the current health expenditure of the health accounts.· Amounts published by DREES in current euros, converted to constant euros of the latest published year with the Insee consumer price index (all households, France): the line shows the change net of inflation. Scope: social benefits of the risk, all schemes; see the % of GDP card for the weight in the economy.· Licence : Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0 (French open licence) — DREES, Insee
Outstanding consolidated gross debt of general government (central and local government, social security), in current national currency. Complements public debt as % of GDP: the amount measures what is owed, the ratio its sustainability.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Share of the labour force without a job and seeking one, per the ILO definition; lower is better.
Source: Ministère des Armées (defense.gouv.fr) — État-major des armées, points de situation hebdomadaires + page « missions et opérations »· Data May 2026
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Total greenhouse-gas emissions, in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent; cutting it is the climate goal.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Average annual rise in consumer prices (CPI); 2% is the common target, above it purchasing power erodes.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Number of first residence permits issued, by reason (work, study, asylum, family).
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Total spending on education as % of GDP; measures the national effort for schools and universities.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Average number of years a newborn can expect to live under current mortality conditions.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Homicides per 100,000 inhabitants; the most reliable violence indicator as it is best recorded.
1.43per 100k
2025
Source: Service statistique ministériel de la sécurité intérieure (Ministère de l'Intérieur)· Data 2025
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.House price index (Notaires-INSEE); tracks property prices, base 100 at a reference year.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Share of the population below the poverty line (60% of median income); lower is better.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Share of enterprises with 10 or more persons employed using at least one AI technology (text analysis, speech recognition, text or speech generation, image recognition, machine learning, workflow automation, autonomous movement). Scope: all activities except agriculture, mining and the financial sector. Annual ICT usage survey: Eurostat for EU countries, OECD for other G20 countries. Not comparable with the US Census BTOS (all business sizes, two-week window).· Break in series in 2023 (Eurostat): shown from 2023· Not comparable with the US Census BTOS survey (all business sizes, two-week window)
18.2%
2025
Source: Eurostat — ICT usage in enterprises (isoc_eb_ai)· Data 2025Source type : Official
Enterprises with 10+ employees · Break in series in 2023 (Eurostat): shown from 2023 · Upd. 06/2026
Share of individuals aged 16-74 who used generative AI tools (e.g. chatbots, text, image or code generators) in the last 3 months, for any purpose. Official ICT household surveys: Eurostat for EU countries (first edition 2025), OECD for other countries.
37.5%
2025
Source: Eurostat — ICT usage in households (isoc_ai_iaiu)· Data 2025Source type : Official
Population by age band (0-19, 20-59, 60-74, 75 and over). France: Insee, population of Metropolitan France on 1 January, since 1946. Other countries and the European Union: OECD historical population data (annual estimates), since 1950 at the earliest.· Population of Metropolitan France (excluding overseas) on 1 January, Insee population estimates. The 60-74 band is « 60 and over » minus « 75 and over »; the four bands add up exactly to the published total population.· Licence : Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0 (French open licence) — Insee
Population by age band (0-19, 20-59, 60-74, 75 and over). France: Insee, population of Metropolitan France on 1 January, since 1946. Other countries and the European Union: OECD historical population data (annual estimates), since 1950 at the earliest.· Population of Metropolitan France (excluding overseas) on 1 January, Insee population estimates. The 60-74 band is « 60 and over » minus « 75 and over »; the four bands add up exactly to the published total population.· Licence : Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0 (French open licence) — Insee
Population split into under-15s, employed, unemployed (ILO), retirees and other inactive people; « other inactive » = total population minus the four other groups. France (since 2005): Insee (population, under-15s), OECD (employment and unemployment), COR (retirees of all schemes living in France). United Kingdom, Canada, Italy, United States, Brazil, Mexico: the country's national sources, with the definition of retirees stated on each card. Depending on the source, retirees who work are also counted among the employed.· Under 15: Insee (population on 1 January). Employed and unemployed (ILO, aged 15 and over): OECD Annual Labour Force Statistics. Retirees: COR, retirees of all mandatory pension schemes living in France (own or survivor pensions, observed values). « Other inactive » = total population minus the four other groups (students, people at home, disabled people…).· Until 2013, population and the Labour Force Survey cover Metropolitan France; from 2014, France excluding Mayotte. COR retirees cover the whole of France: before 2014 « other inactive » is therefore slightly underestimated and the series jumps in 2014.· Retirees who also work are counted both among the employed and among the retirees: « other inactive » is slightly underestimated by that number.· Licence : Licence Ouverte (Insee, COR) · OECD terms and conditions
Other inactive (15+)RetireesUnemployedEmployedUnder 15
Source: Insee, OCDE, COR· Data 2023Source type : Official
Built by Citoyen: Insee, OECD, COR · Perimeter break in 2014 · Working retirees counted twice
Population split into under-15s, employed, unemployed (ILO), retirees and other inactive people; « other inactive » = total population minus the four other groups. France (since 2005): Insee (population, under-15s), OECD (employment and unemployment), COR (retirees of all schemes living in France). United Kingdom, Canada, Italy, United States, Brazil, Mexico: the country's national sources, with the definition of retirees stated on each card. Depending on the source, retirees who work are also counted among the employed.· Under 15: Insee (population on 1 January). Employed and unemployed (ILO, aged 15 and over): OECD Annual Labour Force Statistics. Retirees: COR, retirees of all mandatory pension schemes living in France (own or survivor pensions, observed values). « Other inactive » = total population minus the four other groups (students, people at home, disabled people…).· Until 2013, population and the Labour Force Survey cover Metropolitan France; from 2014, France excluding Mayotte. COR retirees cover the whole of France: before 2014 « other inactive » is therefore slightly underestimated and the series jumps in 2014.· Retirees who also work are counted both among the employed and among the retirees: « other inactive » is slightly underestimated by that number.· Licence : Licence Ouverte (Insee, COR) · OECD terms and conditions
Other inactive (15+)RetireesUnemployedEmployedUnder 15
Source: Insee, OCDE, COR· Data 2023Source type : Official
Built by Citoyen: Insee, OECD, COR · Perimeter break in 2014 · Working retirees counted twice
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Pension expenditure as % of GDP, Eurostat definition (ESSPROS): old-age, anticipated and partial old-age, survivors', disability and early-retirement pensions; public and private social-protection schemes. Comparable across European countries; a different scope from the COR's (French mandatory schemes).· Public and private spending, Eurostat definition· Not comparable with the COR projections for France (mandatory French schemes only, a different scope)
15% GDP
2024
Source: Eurostat — ESSPROS (spr_exp_pens)· Data 2024Source type : Official
Old age, survivors, disability, early retirement · Public and private spending, Eurostat definition · Upd. 10/2026 · Y-axis truncated
Median equivalised disposable income of people aged 65+ divided by that of people under 65 (1 = parity). EU-SILC survey (Eurostat), survey year; incomes refer to the previous year.· Survey year: incomes of the previous year· Median income ratio — not the COR’s mean standard of living of retirees
0.97ratio
2025
Source: Eurostat — EU-SILC (ilc_pnp2)· Data 2025Source type : Official
Median income 65+ / under 65 (1 = parity) · Survey year: incomes of the previous year · Upd. 09/2026 · Y-axis truncated
Spending of all French mandatory pension schemes (incl. FSV, excl. RAFP), % of GDP: observed, then projected in the COR reference scenario (annual report, June 2026). A different scope from the Eurostat definition: not comparable with other countries.· Projections: reference scenario of the COR (Conseil d’orientation des retraites), annual report of June 2026 — central Insee demographic assumptions (fertility 1.45 from 2028, net migration +150,000 a year), hourly labour productivity +0.7 % a year, unemployment 7 % from 2040. It is a scenario, not a forecast: it is sensitive to the productivity, unemployment and net-migration assumptions. The headline is always the last observed year, never a projection.· Scope: all French mandatory pension schemes, including the old-age solidarity fund (FSV), excluding the civil-service supplementary scheme (RAFP). A different scope from Eurostat’s « pension expenditure » (which also counts disability and private schemes): never compare the two figures, nor this card with other countries.· The COR’s 2025 « observed » point comes from the Social Security Accounts Commission forecast (CCSS): it is shown as an estimate (dashed), the headline is the last fully observed year (2024).· Licence : Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0 — COR (Insee, Drees, CCSS sources)
Resources minus spending of all French mandatory pension schemes (EPR convention), % of GDP: observed, then projected in the COR reference scenario (June 2026).· Projections: reference scenario of the COR (Conseil d’orientation des retraites), annual report of June 2026 — central Insee demographic assumptions (fertility 1.45 from 2028, net migration +150,000 a year), hourly labour productivity +0.7 % a year, unemployment 7 % from 2040. It is a scenario, not a forecast: it is sensitive to the productivity, unemployment and net-migration assumptions. The headline is always the last observed year, never a projection.· Scope: all French mandatory pension schemes, including the old-age solidarity fund (FSV), excluding the civil-service supplementary scheme (RAFP). A different scope from Eurostat’s « pension expenditure » (which also counts disability and private schemes): never compare the two figures, nor this card with other countries.· The COR’s 2025 « observed » point comes from the Social Security Accounts Commission forecast (CCSS): it is shown as an estimate (dashed), the headline is the last fully observed year (2024).· Licence : Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0 — COR (Insee, Drees, CCSS sources)
Period age at retirement (first direct-right pension, all mandatory schemes, retirees living in France or abroad): observed (Drees), then projected by the COR (same projection in every scenario). Neither the legal age nor the age of exit from the labour market.· Period age at first direct-right pension, all mandatory schemes (Drees models). The legal minimum age, the age of exit from the labour market (OECD) and the age at which the pension is claimed are three different things.· The COR projects the age at retirement identically in every scenario (it depends on the legislation and on careers, not on the economic assumptions). The headline is the last observed year, never a projection.· The COR’s 2025 « observed » point comes from the Social Security Accounts Commission forecast (CCSS): it is shown as an estimate (dashed), the headline is the last fully observed year (2024).· Licence : Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0 — COR (Insee, Drees, CCSS sources)
62.95years
2024
Source: COR· Data 2024Source type : Official
Not the legal age nor the labour-market exit age · COR projection, same in every scenario · 2025: estimate (dashed)
Retirees' mean standard of living as % of the whole population's (100 = parity): observed (Insee tax and social income surveys), then projected in the COR reference scenario (June 2026).· Projections: reference scenario of the COR (Conseil d’orientation des retraites), annual report of June 2026 — central Insee demographic assumptions (fertility 1.45 from 2028, net migration +150,000 a year), hourly labour productivity +0.7 % a year, unemployment 7 % from 2040. It is a scenario, not a forecast: it is sensitive to the productivity, unemployment and net-migration assumptions. The headline is always the last observed year, never a projection.· Licence : Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0 — COR (Insee, Drees, CCSS sources)
Number of people aged 20-64 per person aged 65 or over: Insee population estimates (provisional for the latest years), then the central demographic projection used by the COR (June 2026).· Projections: reference scenario of the COR (Conseil d’orientation des retraites), annual report of June 2026 — central Insee demographic assumptions (fertility 1.45 from 2028, net migration +150,000 a year), hourly labour productivity +0.7 % a year, unemployment 7 % from 2040. It is a scenario, not a forecast: it is sensitive to the productivity, unemployment and net-migration assumptions. The headline is always the last observed year, never a projection.· Insee population estimates are provisional for the latest years: 2024 to 2026 (population on 1 January) are shown as estimates (dashed), the headline is the last observed year.· Licence : Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0 — COR (Insee, Drees, CCSS sources)
Share of people aged 60-64 in work (Labour Force Survey, Eurostat, annual average). It is the age group directly affected by a later retirement age.· Breaks in series flagged by Eurostat (2021: new LFS regulation)
44.4%
2025
Source: Eurostat — LFS (lfsa_ergan)· Data 2025Source type : Official
People aged 60-64 in work, % of the age group · Breaks in series flagged by Eurostat (2021: new LFS regulation) · Upd. 10/2026 · Y-axis truncated
