Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Yield at which the market lends to the State, by borrowing horizon: government bonds from 1 to 10 years, depending on the official series available for each country (daily quotes or monthly averages), with the euro-area overnight rate (€STR, ECB) as a reference. The lower it is, the cheaper the debt is to finance.· Italy — ECB long-term interest rate for convergence purposes (Maastricht criterion), compiled by the Banca d'Italia: monthly average secondary-market yield of 10-year government bonds (BTP). It is the only official Italian State rate released as open data; it is monthly.· 1 day: €STR, the rate at which euro-area banks borrow unsecured overnight (ECB). Not a State borrowing rate, but the benchmark for very short rates.· 1 week, 1, 3 and 6 months, 1 and 5 years, and the daily view: not available for Italy. The Banca d'Italia's daily BTP yields are not released as open data, and the Treasury's (MEF) issue yields are monthly and published irregularly.· Weekly, monthly, annual: average of the period's daily quotes; the running period is dashed and is never the value shown.· 1 day : BCE — EST.B.EU000A2X2A25.WT (since Oct 1, 2019)· 10 years : BCE — IRS.M.IT.L.L40.CI.0000.EUR.N.Z (since Nov 1, 2004)
4.36%
Horizon
Sep 2026
Frequency
Source: BCE· Data Nov 4, 2026Source type : Official
Outstanding consolidated gross debt of general government (central and local government, social security), in current national currency. Complements public debt as % of GDP: the amount measures what is owed, the ratio its sustainability.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Share of the labour force without a job and seeking one, per the ILO definition; lower is better.
6.2%
Q3 2026
Frequency
Source: Istituto Nazionale di Statistica· Data Q3 2026
Population by age band (0-19, 20-59, 60-74, 75 and over). France: Insee, population of Metropolitan France on 1 January, since 1946. Other countries and the European Union: OECD historical population data (annual estimates), since 1950 at the earliest.· Annual population estimates compiled by the OECD (historical population data, both sexes). The four bands are sums of the OECD five-year age groups (0-19 = 0-4 to 15-19; 75 and over = 75-79, 80-84 and 85 and over). Same bands as the France card, but France uses Insee estimates on 1 January: levels are not strictly comparable from one country to another. When the OECD series changes basis (one band moving by more than 15 % in a year, e.g. a new census), the card starts on the new basis.· Licence : OECD terms and conditions — source: OECD, Historical population data
Population by age band (0-19, 20-59, 60-74, 75 and over). France: Insee, population of Metropolitan France on 1 January, since 1946. Other countries and the European Union: OECD historical population data (annual estimates), since 1950 at the earliest.· Annual population estimates compiled by the OECD (historical population data, both sexes). The four bands are sums of the OECD five-year age groups (0-19 = 0-4 to 15-19; 75 and over = 75-79, 80-84 and 85 and over). Same bands as the France card, but France uses Insee estimates on 1 January: levels are not strictly comparable from one country to another. When the OECD series changes basis (one band moving by more than 15 % in a year, e.g. a new census), the card starts on the new basis.· Licence : OECD terms and conditions — source: OECD, Historical population data
Population split into under-15s, employed, unemployed (ILO), retirees and other inactive people; « other inactive » = total population minus the four other groups. France (since 2005): Insee (population, under-15s), OECD (employment and unemployment), COR (retirees of all schemes living in France). United Kingdom, Canada, Italy, United States, Brazil, Mexico: the country's national sources, with the definition of retirees stated on each card. Depending on the source, retirees who work are also counted among the employed.· Population on 1 January and under-15s: Istat, resident population. Employed (15-89) and unemployed (15-74), ILO: Istat Labour Force Survey, annual averages. Retirees: Istat-INPS (central register of pensioners), people living in Italy who receive at least one old-age or seniority pension, all schemes, on 31 December. People whose only pension is a survivor pension are in « other inactive ». The pensioner series ends in 2022, so the card does too.· Retirees who also work are counted both among the employed and among the retirees: « other inactive » is slightly underestimated by that number.· Licence : CC BY 4.0 — Istat
Other inactive (15+)RetireesUnemployedEmployedUnder 15
Source: Istat· Data 2022Source type : Official
Istat · retirees: old-age pensioners · Working retirees counted twice
Population split into under-15s, employed, unemployed (ILO), retirees and other inactive people; « other inactive » = total population minus the four other groups. France (since 2005): Insee (population, under-15s), OECD (employment and unemployment), COR (retirees of all schemes living in France). United Kingdom, Canada, Italy, United States, Brazil, Mexico: the country's national sources, with the definition of retirees stated on each card. Depending on the source, retirees who work are also counted among the employed.· Population on 1 January and under-15s: Istat, resident population. Employed (15-89) and unemployed (15-74), ILO: Istat Labour Force Survey, annual averages. Retirees: Istat-INPS (central register of pensioners), people living in Italy who receive at least one old-age or seniority pension, all schemes, on 31 December. People whose only pension is a survivor pension are in « other inactive ». The pensioner series ends in 2022, so the card does too.· Retirees who also work are counted both among the employed and among the retirees: « other inactive » is slightly underestimated by that number.· Licence : CC BY 4.0 — Istat
Other inactive (15+)RetireesUnemployedEmployedUnder 15
Source: Istat· Data 2022Source type : Official
Istat · retirees: old-age pensioners · Working retirees counted twice
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Pension expenditure as % of GDP, Eurostat definition (ESSPROS): old-age, anticipated and partial old-age, survivors', disability and early-retirement pensions; public and private social-protection schemes. Comparable across European countries; a different scope from the COR's (French mandatory schemes).· Public and private spending, Eurostat definition· Not comparable with the COR projections for France (mandatory French schemes only, a different scope)
15.9% GDP
2024
Source: Eurostat — ESSPROS (spr_exp_pens)· Data 2024Source type : Official
Old age, survivors, disability, early retirement · Public and private spending, Eurostat definition · Upd. 10/2026 · Y-axis truncated
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Change in real GDP from one period to the next; positive means the economy grows, negative that it shrinks.
1%
Q2 2026
Frequency
Source: Istituto Nazionale di Statistica· Data Q2 2026
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Share of the labour force without a job and seeking one, per the ILO definition; lower is better.
6.2%
Q3 2026
Frequency
Source: Istituto Nazionale di Statistica· Data Q3 2026
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Total greenhouse-gas emissions, in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent; cutting it is the climate goal.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Average annual rise in consumer prices (CPI); 2% is the common target, above it purchasing power erodes.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Number of first residence permits issued, by reason (work, study, asylum, family).
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Total spending on education as % of GDP; measures the national effort for schools and universities.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Average number of years a newborn can expect to live under current mortality conditions.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Homicides per 100,000 inhabitants; the most reliable violence indicator as it is best recorded.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.House price index (Notaires-INSEE); tracks property prices, base 100 at a reference year.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Share of the population below the poverty line (60% of median income); lower is better.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Share of enterprises with 10 or more persons employed using at least one AI technology (text analysis, speech recognition, text or speech generation, image recognition, machine learning, workflow automation, autonomous movement). Scope: all activities except agriculture, mining and the financial sector. Annual ICT usage survey: Eurostat for EU countries, OECD for other G20 countries. Not comparable with the US Census BTOS (all business sizes, two-week window).· Not comparable with the US Census BTOS survey (all business sizes, two-week window)
16.4%
2025
Source: Eurostat — ICT usage in enterprises (isoc_eb_ai)· Data 2025Source type : Official
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Pension expenditure as % of GDP, Eurostat definition (ESSPROS): old-age, anticipated and partial old-age, survivors', disability and early-retirement pensions; public and private social-protection schemes. Comparable across European countries; a different scope from the COR's (French mandatory schemes).· Public and private spending, Eurostat definition· Not comparable with the COR projections for France (mandatory French schemes only, a different scope)
15.9% GDP
2024
Source: Eurostat — ESSPROS (spr_exp_pens)· Data 2024Source type : Official
Old age, survivors, disability, early retirement · Public and private spending, Eurostat definition · Upd. 10/2026 · Y-axis truncated
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Yield at which the market lends to the State, by borrowing horizon: government bonds from 1 to 10 years, depending on the official series available for each country (daily quotes or monthly averages), with the euro-area overnight rate (€STR, ECB) as a reference. The lower it is, the cheaper the debt is to finance.· Italy — ECB long-term interest rate for convergence purposes (Maastricht criterion), compiled by the Banca d'Italia: monthly average secondary-market yield of 10-year government bonds (BTP). It is the only official Italian State rate released as open data; it is monthly.· 1 day: €STR, the rate at which euro-area banks borrow unsecured overnight (ECB). Not a State borrowing rate, but the benchmark for very short rates.· 1 week, 1, 3 and 6 months, 1 and 5 years, and the daily view: not available for Italy. The Banca d'Italia's daily BTP yields are not released as open data, and the Treasury's (MEF) issue yields are monthly and published irregularly.· Weekly, monthly, annual: average of the period's daily quotes; the running period is dashed and is never the value shown.· 1 day : BCE — EST.B.EU000A2X2A25.WT (since Oct 1, 2019)· 10 years : BCE — IRS.M.IT.L.L40.CI.0000.EUR.N.Z (since Nov 1, 2004)
4.36%
Horizon
Sep 2026
Frequency
Source: BCE· Data Nov 4, 2026Source type : Official
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Change in real GDP from one period to the next; positive means the economy grows, negative that it shrinks.
1%
Q2 2026
Frequency
Source: Istituto Nazionale di Statistica· Data Q2 2026
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Yield at which the market lends to the State, by borrowing horizon: government bonds from 1 to 10 years, depending on the official series available for each country (daily quotes or monthly averages), with the euro-area overnight rate (€STR, ECB) as a reference. The lower it is, the cheaper the debt is to finance.· Italy — ECB long-term interest rate for convergence purposes (Maastricht criterion), compiled by the Banca d'Italia: monthly average secondary-market yield of 10-year government bonds (BTP). It is the only official Italian State rate released as open data; it is monthly.· 1 day: €STR, the rate at which euro-area banks borrow unsecured overnight (ECB). Not a State borrowing rate, but the benchmark for very short rates.· 1 week, 1, 3 and 6 months, 1 and 5 years, and the daily view: not available for Italy. The Banca d'Italia's daily BTP yields are not released as open data, and the Treasury's (MEF) issue yields are monthly and published irregularly.· Weekly, monthly, annual: average of the period's daily quotes; the running period is dashed and is never the value shown.· 1 day : BCE — EST.B.EU000A2X2A25.WT (since Oct 1, 2019)· 10 years : BCE — IRS.M.IT.L.L40.CI.0000.EUR.N.Z (since Nov 1, 2004)
4.36%
Horizon
Sep 2026
Frequency
Source: BCE· Data Nov 4, 2026Source type : Official
Gross domestic product at current prices, expressed in billions of US dollars (market exchange rate). The standard cross-country measure of "size of the economy" in a common currency.
National output (GDP) divided by population; a rough proxy for average living standards. Shown in the source's unit: euros (Eurostat, Destatis), international dollars at purchasing-power parity (IMF) or US dollars (BEA, World Bank).
Public hospitals, outpatient care, pharmaceuticals, public health (share of total public expenditure — distinct concept from total health expenditure % GDP which includes private spending).
Outstanding consolidated gross debt of general government (central and local government, social security), in current national currency. Complements public debt as % of GDP: the amount measures what is owed, the ratio its sustainability.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Share of the labour force without a job and seeking one, per the ILO definition; lower is better.
6.2%
Q3 2026
Frequency
Source: Istituto Nazionale di Statistica· Data Q3 2026
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Total greenhouse-gas emissions, in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent; cutting it is the climate goal.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Average annual rise in consumer prices (CPI); 2% is the common target, above it purchasing power erodes.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Number of first residence permits issued, by reason (work, study, asylum, family).
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Total spending on education as % of GDP; measures the national effort for schools and universities.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Average number of years a newborn can expect to live under current mortality conditions.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Homicides per 100,000 inhabitants; the most reliable violence indicator as it is best recorded.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.House price index (Notaires-INSEE); tracks property prices, base 100 at a reference year.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Share of the population below the poverty line (60% of median income); lower is better.
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Share of enterprises with 10 or more persons employed using at least one AI technology (text analysis, speech recognition, text or speech generation, image recognition, machine learning, workflow automation, autonomous movement). Scope: all activities except agriculture, mining and the financial sector. Annual ICT usage survey: Eurostat for EU countries, OECD for other G20 countries. Not comparable with the US Census BTOS (all business sizes, two-week window).· Not comparable with the US Census BTOS survey (all business sizes, two-week window)
16.4%
2025
Source: Eurostat — ICT usage in enterprises (isoc_eb_ai)· Data 2025Source type : Official
Share of individuals aged 16-74 who used generative AI tools (e.g. chatbots, text, image or code generators) in the last 3 months, for any purpose. Official ICT household surveys: Eurostat for EU countries (first edition 2025), OECD for other countries.
19.9%
2025
Source: Eurostat — ICT usage in households (isoc_ai_iaiu)· Data 2025Source type : Official
Population by age band (0-19, 20-59, 60-74, 75 and over). France: Insee, population of Metropolitan France on 1 January, since 1946. Other countries and the European Union: OECD historical population data (annual estimates), since 1950 at the earliest.· Annual population estimates compiled by the OECD (historical population data, both sexes). The four bands are sums of the OECD five-year age groups (0-19 = 0-4 to 15-19; 75 and over = 75-79, 80-84 and 85 and over). Same bands as the France card, but France uses Insee estimates on 1 January: levels are not strictly comparable from one country to another. When the OECD series changes basis (one band moving by more than 15 % in a year, e.g. a new census), the card starts on the new basis.· Licence : OECD terms and conditions — source: OECD, Historical population data
Population by age band (0-19, 20-59, 60-74, 75 and over). France: Insee, population of Metropolitan France on 1 January, since 1946. Other countries and the European Union: OECD historical population data (annual estimates), since 1950 at the earliest.· Annual population estimates compiled by the OECD (historical population data, both sexes). The four bands are sums of the OECD five-year age groups (0-19 = 0-4 to 15-19; 75 and over = 75-79, 80-84 and 85 and over). Same bands as the France card, but France uses Insee estimates on 1 January: levels are not strictly comparable from one country to another. When the OECD series changes basis (one band moving by more than 15 % in a year, e.g. a new census), the card starts on the new basis.· Licence : OECD terms and conditions — source: OECD, Historical population data
Population split into under-15s, employed, unemployed (ILO), retirees and other inactive people; « other inactive » = total population minus the four other groups. France (since 2005): Insee (population, under-15s), OECD (employment and unemployment), COR (retirees of all schemes living in France). United Kingdom, Canada, Italy, United States, Brazil, Mexico: the country's national sources, with the definition of retirees stated on each card. Depending on the source, retirees who work are also counted among the employed.· Population on 1 January and under-15s: Istat, resident population. Employed (15-89) and unemployed (15-74), ILO: Istat Labour Force Survey, annual averages. Retirees: Istat-INPS (central register of pensioners), people living in Italy who receive at least one old-age or seniority pension, all schemes, on 31 December. People whose only pension is a survivor pension are in « other inactive ». The pensioner series ends in 2022, so the card does too.· Retirees who also work are counted both among the employed and among the retirees: « other inactive » is slightly underestimated by that number.· Licence : CC BY 4.0 — Istat
Other inactive (15+)RetireesUnemployedEmployedUnder 15
Source: Istat· Data 2022Source type : Official
Istat · retirees: old-age pensioners · Working retirees counted twice
Population split into under-15s, employed, unemployed (ILO), retirees and other inactive people; « other inactive » = total population minus the four other groups. France (since 2005): Insee (population, under-15s), OECD (employment and unemployment), COR (retirees of all schemes living in France). United Kingdom, Canada, Italy, United States, Brazil, Mexico: the country's national sources, with the definition of retirees stated on each card. Depending on the source, retirees who work are also counted among the employed.· Population on 1 January and under-15s: Istat, resident population. Employed (15-89) and unemployed (15-74), ILO: Istat Labour Force Survey, annual averages. Retirees: Istat-INPS (central register of pensioners), people living in Italy who receive at least one old-age or seniority pension, all schemes, on 31 December. People whose only pension is a survivor pension are in « other inactive ». The pensioner series ends in 2022, so the card does too.· Retirees who also work are counted both among the employed and among the retirees: « other inactive » is slightly underestimated by that number.· Licence : CC BY 4.0 — Istat
Other inactive (15+)RetireesUnemployedEmployedUnder 15
Source: Istat· Data 2022Source type : Official
Istat · retirees: old-age pensioners · Working retirees counted twice
Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Pension expenditure as % of GDP, Eurostat definition (ESSPROS): old-age, anticipated and partial old-age, survivors', disability and early-retirement pensions; public and private social-protection schemes. Comparable across European countries; a different scope from the COR's (French mandatory schemes).· Public and private spending, Eurostat definition· Not comparable with the COR projections for France (mandatory French schemes only, a different scope)
15.9% GDP
2024
Source: Eurostat — ESSPROS (spr_exp_pens)· Data 2024Source type : Official
Old age, survivors, disability, early retirement · Public and private spending, Eurostat definition · Upd. 10/2026 · Y-axis truncated
Median equivalised disposable income of people aged 65+ divided by that of people under 65 (1 = parity). EU-SILC survey (Eurostat), survey year; incomes refer to the previous year.· Survey year: incomes of the previous year· Median income ratio — not the COR’s mean standard of living of retirees
1ratio
2025
Source: Eurostat — EU-SILC (ilc_pnp2)· Data 2025Source type : Official
Median income 65+ / under 65 (1 = parity) · Survey year: incomes of the previous year · Upd. 09/2026 · Y-axis truncated
Share of people aged 60-64 in work (Labour Force Survey, Eurostat, annual average). It is the age group directly affected by a later retirement age.· Breaks in series flagged by Eurostat (2021: new LFS regulation)
50.4%
2025
Source: Eurostat — LFS (lfsa_ergan)· Data 2025Source type : Official
People aged 60-64 in work, % of the age group · Breaks in series flagged by Eurostat (2021: new LFS regulation) · Upd. 10/2026 · Y-axis truncated
