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China

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Economy & public finances

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Labour market

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Defense

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Environment, energy & climate

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Purchasing power & prices

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Immigration & integration

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Education & training

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Health

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Security & crime

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Housing

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Transport & mobility

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Social cohesion, poverty & inequality

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Economy & public finances★ Primary KPI

China — GDP Growth

Change in real GDP from one period to the next; positive means the economy grows, negative that it shrinks.
4 %
2025
Source: IMF· 2025
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Economy & public finances

China — GDP

Gross domestic product at current prices, expressed in billions of US dollars (market exchange rate). The standard cross-country measure of "size of the economy" in a common currency.
19,232 USD bn
2025
Source: IMF· 2025
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Economy & public finances

China — Public debt

Total government debt as a share of GDP; the lower the ratio, the more sustainable the debt.
96.3 % GDP
2025
Source: IMF· 2025
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Economy & public finances

China — Budget balance

Government revenue minus spending over a year, as % of GDP; negative is a deficit, positive a surplus.
-8.6 % GDP
2025
Source: IMF· 2025
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Economy & public finances

China — GDP per capita

National output (GDP) divided by population; a rough proxy for average living standards, in dollars.
13.3K USD
2024
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Economy & public finances

China — Mandatory levies

Taxes and social contributions collected, as % of GDP; measures the overall tax burden.
7 % GDP
2024
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Economy & public finances

China — Current account balance

Balance of current transactions with abroad (goods, services, income), as % of GDP; positive means the country lends to the world.
1.9 % GDP
2025
Source: IMF· 2025
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Economy & public finances

China — International reserves

Total reserve assets held by the central bank (gold, FX, SDRs, IMF position). Signals the country's ability to meet external obligations.
3,627,569 M USD
2025
Source: IMF· 2025
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Labour market★ Primary KPI

China — Unemployment Rate

Share of the labour force without a job and seeking one, per the ILO definition; lower is better.
4.6 %
2024
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Labour market

China — Youth Unemployment

Unemployment rate for ages 15-24; usually higher than average, it reveals young people's entry difficulties.
15.8 %
2025
Source: ILO· 2023
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Labour market

China — Employment Rate

Share of people aged 15-64 who are employed; measures how well the economy puts working-age people to work.
61.9 %
2024
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Labour market

China — Hours worked

Mean weekly hours actually worked per employed person. Measures work intensity.
44.96 hrs/week
2024
Source: ILO· 2023
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Labour market

China — Labour force participation rate

Share of the working-age population (15+) that is either employed or actively seeking work. Measures labour-market engagement.
65.7 %
2025
Source: ILO· 2023
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Defense★ Primary KPI

China — Defense spending

Military spending as % of GDP; measures the national defense effort.
1.7 % GDP
2024
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Defense

China — Defense spending — % of government expenditure

Military expenditure as a share of total general government expenditure.
5.1 %
2024
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Defense

China — Armed forces at a glance

2,000,000
Active personnel· 2024
Personnel
  • ≈2,000,000
    Active personnel
  • ≈510,000
    Reserves
  • ≈500,000
    Gendarmerie (paramilitary)
Land
  • ≈5,000
    Main battle tanks
  • ≈30,000
    Armoured vehicles
  • ≈8,000
    Artillery pieces
Source: IISS Military Balance 2024 · US DoD (China Military Power) · SIPRI· 2024
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Defense

China — Overseas deployments

~2,523
deployed abroad
Open fullscreen
Presence forcesOperation · UN
Source: Ministère de la Défense nationale de la RPC (eng.mod.gov.cn / China Military) — communiqués sur les contingents de maintien de la paix et la base de soutien de Djibouti ; livre blanc du Conseil des affaires d'État « China's Armed Forces: 30 Years of UN Peacekeeping Operations » (2020). Effectifs onusiens recoupés (ONU / Casques bleus). Effectifs approximatifs.· June 2026
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Defense

China — Military spending (USD)

Military spending in current USD; enables volume comparison.
313.7B USD
2024
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Defense

China — Active military personnel

Number of active-duty military personnel; reflects the size of the armed forces.
2.5M
2020
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Defense

China — Arms exports

Value of arms transfers exported; indicates weight in the global defense industry.
1.1B USD
2024
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Defense

China — Arms imports

Value of arms transfers imported; indicates dependence on external suppliers.
72M USD
2024
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Defense

China — Military personnel (% labour force)

Share of military personnel in the labour force.
0.3 %
2020
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Defense

China — Defense spending — local currency (EUR)

Military expenditure in current local currency units (EUR) — domestic-budget view.
2.3T EUR
2024
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Environment, energy & climate★ Primary KPI

China — GHG emissions

Total greenhouse-gas emissions, in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent; cutting it is the climate goal.
15,536 MtCO2e
2024
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Environment, energy & climate

China — Electricity production by source

10,087 TWh· 2024
Total production
  • Other
  • Solar PV
  • Wind
  • Hydro
  • Oil
  • Natural gas
  • Coal
  • Nuclear

Electricity generation by source (not primary energy). Physical balance in TWh.

Source: Ember — Yearly Electricity Data· 2024
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Environment, energy & climate

China — Renewable energy share

Share of renewables in energy consumption; the higher, the more decarbonised the mix.
15.2 %
2021
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Environment, energy & climate

China — Air quality (PM2.5)

Average concentration of fine PM2.5 particles in the air; above WHO thresholds, health is at risk.
31.99 µg/m3
2023
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Environment, energy & climate

China — Forest cover

Share of land covered by forest; a carbon sink and a biodiversity marker.
24 %
2023
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Purchasing power & prices★ Primary KPI

China — Inflation (CPI)

Average annual rise in consumer prices (CPI); 2% is the common target, above it purchasing power erodes.
0.2 %
2024
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Immigration & integration

China — Net migration

Difference between people entering and leaving the territory; positive means more arrivals than departures.
-319K
2024
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Education & training★ Primary KPI

China — Education expenditure

Total spending on education as % of GDP; measures the national effort for schools and universities.
3.9 % GDP
2023
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Education & training★ Primary KPI

China — Education Spending

Public spending on education
3.9 % GDP
2023
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Education & training

China — Student/Teacher Ratio

Primary school student–teacher ratio
16.43 ratio
2018
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Education & training

China — Tertiary Attainment

Share of 25-34 year-olds with a tertiary degree; measures the qualification level of the young generation.
7.7 %
2020
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Education & training

China — Student-teacher ratio

Average number of pupils per teacher; a lower ratio means better supervision.
16.43 ratio
2018
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Education & training

China — Tertiary enrolment

Number of students enrolled in higher education; tracks the expansion of universities.
76.88
2024
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Health

China — Health expenditure

Current health spending as % of GDP; measures resources devoted to the healthcare system.
5.9 % GDP
2023
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Health

China — Health spending per capita

Current health spending per capita, in US dollars. Measures what a country devotes on average per person to the healthcare system.
763 USD
2023
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Health★ Primary KPI

China — Life expectancy

Average number of years a newborn can expect to live under current mortality conditions.
78.02 years
2024
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Health

China — Infant mortality

Deaths of children before age 1 per 1,000 live births; a key indicator of a country's health.
4.1 per 1,000
2024
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Health

China — Physician density

Number of physicians per 1,000 inhabitants; a low level signals medical deserts.
3.11 per 1,000
2022
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Health

China — Vaccination coverage

Share of the population properly vaccinated; a high rate protects the community.
97 %
2024
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Health

China — Hospital beds

Number of hospital beds per 1,000 inhabitants; measures hospital capacity.
5.63 per 1,000
2023
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Security & crime★ Primary KPI

China — Homicide Rate

Homicides per 100,000 inhabitants; the most reliable violence indicator as it is best recorded.
0.5 per 100k
2020
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Housing★ Primary KPI

China — Property price index

House price index (Notaires-INSEE); tracks property prices, base 100 at a reference year.
91.61 index
2025
Source: BIS· 2025
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Housing

China — Household credit

Outstanding credit to households as % of GDP. Measures structural household leverage.
60 % GDP
2024
Source: BIS· 2025
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Transport & mobility★ Primary KPI

China — Road Mortality

Number of people killed on the roads; the main road-safety indicator.
17.4
2019
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Social cohesion, poverty & inequality★ Primary KPI

China — Poverty rate

Share of the population below the poverty line (60% of median income); lower is better.
0 %
2020
Source: World Bank· 2026
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Social cohesion, poverty & inequality

China — Gini index

Measure of income inequality from 0 (perfect equality) to 1; the lower the index, the more equal the society.
36 index
2022
Source: World Bank· 2026
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