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Countries/Germany

Economy & public finances

Germany · 36 indicators

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Economy & public finances

Germany — GDP Growth

Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Change in real GDP from one period to the next; positive means the economy grows, negative that it shrinks.
0.3%
Q2 2026
Frequency
Source: Statistisches Bundesamt (Destatis)· Data Q2 2026
Upd. 10/2026
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Government borrowing rate

Primary KPI: one of the key indicators tracked first for this country.Yield at which the market lends to the State, by borrowing horizon: government bonds from 1 to 10 years, depending on the official series available for each country (daily quotes or monthly averages), with the euro-area overnight rate (€STR, ECB) as a reference. The lower it is, the cheaper the debt is to finance.· Germany — Bundesbank term structure: zero-coupon yield at 1, 5 or 10 years residual maturity, estimated daily (Svensson method) from the prices of listed Federal securities (Bund, Bobl, Schatz). It is what Federal borrowing at that horizon costs at the day's conditions.· 1 day: €STR, the rate at which euro-area banks borrow unsecured overnight (ECB). Not a State borrowing rate, but the benchmark for very short rates.· 1 week, 1 month, 3 and 6 months: not shown. The Bundesbank daily curve starts at 1 year residual maturity; issue yields of the Federal short-term paper (Bubills) are not released as an open daily series.· Weekly, monthly, annual: average of the period's daily quotes; the running period is dashed and is never the value shown.· 1 day : BCE — EST.B.EU000A2X2A25.WT (since Oct 1, 2019)· 1 year : Deutsche Bundesbank — BBSIS.D.I.ZST.ZI.EUR.S1311.B.A604.R01XX.R.A.A._Z._Z.A (since Nov 1, 2004)· 5 years : Deutsche Bundesbank — BBSIS.D.I.ZST.ZI.EUR.S1311.B.A604.R05XX.R.A.A._Z._Z.A (since Nov 1, 2004)· 10 years : Deutsche Bundesbank — BBSIS.D.I.ZST.ZI.EUR.S1311.B.A604.R10XX.R.A.A._Z._Z.A (since Nov 1, 2004)
3.33%
Horizon
Nov 5, 2026
Frequency
Source: BCE · Deutsche Bundesbank· Data Nov 5, 2026Source type : Official
Secondary market, daily quotes
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Economy & public finances

Germany — GDP

Gross domestic product at current prices, expressed in billions of US dollars (market exchange rate). The standard cross-country measure of "size of the economy" in a common currency.
4,745USD bn
2025
Source: IMF· Data 2025
Upd. 05/2025 · Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Public debt

Total government debt as a share of GDP; the lower the ratio, the more sustainable the debt.
63.4% GDP
Q2 2026
Frequency
Source: Deutsche Bundesbank· Data Q2 2026
Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Budget Balance / GDP

Government revenue minus spending over a year, as % of GDP; negative is a deficit, positive a surplus.
-2.9% GDP
2025
Source: Deutsche Bundesbank· Data 2025
 
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Public spending

Total government spending relative to GDP; gauges the weight of the state in the economy.
50.1% GDP
2025
Source: Eurostat· Data 2025
Upd. 10/2026 · Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Public budget by function

% of total public expenditure

  • Social protection
    41.3%
  • Health
    15.4%
  • General services
    13.0%
  • Economic affairs
    11.0%
  • Education
    9.1%
Source: Eurostat · COFOG· Data 2024
 
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Economy & public finances

Germany — GDP per capita

National output (GDP) divided by population; a rough proxy for average living standards. Shown in the source's unit: euros (Eurostat, Destatis), international dollars at purchasing-power parity (IMF) or US dollars (BEA, World Bank).
54.2KEUR
2025
Source: Statistisches Bundesamt (Destatis)· Data 2025
Upd. 10/2026 · Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Hourly labour cost

Average compensation of employees per hour worked — the level used in EU cost-competitiveness comparisons.
44.87EUR/hour
2025
Source: Statistisches Bundesamt (Destatis)· Data 2025
Upd. 10/2026 · Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Labour productivity per hour

Real labour productivity per hour worked (index 2015=100) — long-run growth driver.
107index
2025
Source: Eurostat· Data 2025
Upd. 10/2026 · Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Consumer confidence

Monthly consumer confidence indicator — standard sentiment headline, pairs with the existing business climate.
-13.57balance
Q3 2026
Frequency
Source: Eurostat· Data Q3 2026
Upd. 10/2026
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Industrial confidence

Monthly industrial confidence indicator (SA) — sentiment in the producing sector.
-10.57balance
Q3 2026
Frequency
Source: Eurostat· Data Q3 2026
Upd. 10/2026
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Mandatory levies

Taxes and social contributions collected, as % of GDP; measures the overall tax burden.
40.7% GDP
2024
Source: Eurostat· Data 2024
Upd. 01/2026 · Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Direct taxes — % GDP

Direct taxes (income, wealth, D5) as % of GDP — political-economy headline within total levies.
12.8% GDP
2024
Source: Eurostat· Data 2024
Upd. 01/2026 · Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Indirect taxes — % GDP

Indirect taxes on products & production (D2) as % of GDP — VAT + excise headline.
10.3% GDP
2024
Source: Eurostat· Data 2024
Upd. 01/2026 · Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Industrial production

Index of the volume produced by industry (factories, energy); tracks industrial activity month by month, base 100 at a reference year.
91.4index
Q2 2026
Frequency
Source: Deutsche Bundesbank· Data Q2 2026
Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Current account balance

Balance of current transactions with abroad (goods, services, income), as % of GDP; positive means the country lends to the world.
4.8% GDP
Q2 2026
Frequency
Source: Deutsche Bundesbank· Data Q2 2026
Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Real GDP per capita

Chain-linked-volume GDP per capita (base 2020) — the real-terms version of GDP per head.
43,750EUR/capita
2025
Source: Eurostat· Data 2025
Upd. 10/2026 · Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Real disposable income per capita

Quarterly real gross disposable income of households per capita (index 2010=100).
119index
Q2 2026
Frequency
Source: Eurostat· Data Q2 2026
Upd. 10/2026 · Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Household saving rate

Gross saving rate of households — share of disposable income not consumed.
19%
Q2 2026
Frequency
Source: Eurostat· Data Q2 2026
Upd. 10/2026 · Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — R&D intensity

Total R&D expenditure as % of GDP — knowledge-economy headline; 3% Lisbon reference target.
3.1% GDP
2024
Source: Eurostat· Data 2024
Upd. 01/2026 · Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Social contributions — % GDP

Social contributions (D61) as % of GDP — third pillar of France's high fiscal pressure.
17.5% GDP
2024
Source: Eurostat· Data 2024
Upd. 01/2026 · Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — 10-year sovereign bond yield

Monthly average yield on the 10-year EMU convergence benchmark bond — sovereign borrowing-cost barometer.
3.41%/yr
Q3 2026
Frequency
Source: Deutsche Bundesbank· Data Q3 2026
 
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Business birth rate

Employment-weighted enterprise birth rate (NACE B-S excl. holding cos) — entrepreneurship dynamic.
0.4%
2024
Source: Eurostat· Data 2024
Upd. 10/2026 · Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — International reserves

Total reserve assets held by the central bank (gold, FX, SDRs, IMF position). Signals the country's ability to meet external obligations.
377,898M USD
2024
Frequency
Source: IMF· Data 2024
Upd. 08/2025 · Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Social protection

Pensions, unemployment, family, sickness, social exclusion benefits (share of total public expenditure — typically the largest line item).
41.3%
of total public expenditure · 2024
Source: CEPREMAP· Data 2024
Upd. 07/2026 · Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Health

Public hospitals, outpatient care, pharmaceuticals, public health (share of total public expenditure — distinct concept from total health expenditure % GDP which includes private spending).
15.4%
of total public expenditure · 2024
Source: CEPREMAP· Data 2024
Upd. 07/2026 · Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Education

Primary, secondary, tertiary education, research and training (share of total public expenditure — distinct concept from education spending % GDP).
9.1%
of total public expenditure · 2024
Source: CEPREMAP· Data 2024
Upd. 07/2026 · Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — General services

Operating costs of government bodies, legislative organs, external aid, and public debt servicing (share of total public expenditure).
13%
of total public expenditure · 2024
Source: CEPREMAP· Data 2024
Upd. 07/2026 · Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Defense

Military and civil defense expenditure (share of total public expenditure, Eurostat COFOG source — distinct concept from SIPRI % GDP).
2.7%
of total public expenditure · 2024
Source: CEPREMAP· Data 2024
Upd. 07/2026 · Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Public order & safety

Police, courts, prisons, and fire services (share of total public expenditure).
3.3%
of total public expenditure · 2024
Source: CEPREMAP· Data 2024
Upd. 07/2026 · Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Economic affairs

Sectoral subsidies, transport, energy, communications, economic R&D (share of total public expenditure).
11%
of total public expenditure · 2024
Source: CEPREMAP· Data 2024
Upd. 07/2026 · Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Environmental protection

Waste management, water, biodiversity, pollution control (share of total public expenditure).
1.1%
of total public expenditure · 2024
Source: CEPREMAP· Data 2024
Upd. 07/2026 · Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Housing & community amenities

Social housing, urban planning, water supply, street lighting (share of total public expenditure).
1%
of total public expenditure · 2024
Source: CEPREMAP· Data 2024
Upd. 07/2026 · Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Recreation, culture & religion

Sport, culture, public media, support for religion (share of total public expenditure).
2.1%
of total public expenditure · 2024
Source: CEPREMAP· Data 2024
Upd. 07/2026 · Y-axis truncated
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Economy & public finances

Germany — Public debt (amount)

Outstanding consolidated gross debt of general government (central and local government, social security), in current national currency. Complements public debt as % of GDP: the amount measures what is owed, the ratio its sustainability.
2.9TEUR
Q2 2026
Frequency
Source: Eurostat· Data Q2 2026
Upd. 10/2026 · Y-axis truncated
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