R&D intensity (European Union): 2.2 % GDP in 2024, the latest available value.
30 observations from 1995 to 2024. Source: CEPREMAP.
Total R&D expenditure as % of GDP — knowledge-economy headline; 3% Lisbon reference target.
| Period | Value |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 2.2 % GDP |
| 2023 | 2.3 % GDP |
| 2022 | 2.2 % GDP |
| 2021 | 2.2 % GDP |
| 2020 | 2.3 % GDP |
| 2019 | 2.2 % GDP |
| 2018 | 2.2 % GDP |
| 2017 | 2.1 % GDP |
| 2016 | 2.1 % GDP |
| 2015 | 2.1 % GDP |
| 2014 | 2.1 % GDP |
| 2013 | 2.1 % GDP |
| 2012 | 2.1 % GDP |
| 2011 | 2 % GDP |
| 2010 | 2 % GDP |
| 2009 | 2 % GDP |
| 2008 | 1.9 % GDP |
| 2007 | 1.8 % GDP |
| 2006 | 1.8 % GDP |
| 2005 | 1.8 % GDP |
| 2004 | 1.8 % GDP |
| 2003 | 1.8 % GDP |
| 2002 | 1.8 % GDP |
| 2001 | 1.8 % GDP |
| 2000 | 1.8 % GDP |
| 1999 | 1.8 % GDP |
| 1998 | 1.7 % GDP |
| 1997 | 1.7 % GDP |
| 1996 | 1.7 % GDP |
| 1995 | 1.7 % GDP |