The AI-enabled observatory of government performance

Explore, track and compare government performance across key indicators and briefings from reliable international and national sources

Featured indicators

Economy & public finances

United States · GDP Growth

2.5%

Q3 2026

Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis· Data Q3 2026

Upd. 11/2026

Labour market

United States · Unemployment Rate

4.1%

Q3 2026

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics· Data Q3 2026

Upd. 11/2026

Environment, energy & climate

United States · Electricity production by source

4,520TWh

Total production · 2025

Source: Ember, Yearly Electricity Data· Data 2025Research

Defense

United States · Armed forces at a glance

1,300,000

Active personnel · 2024· ≈ order of magnitude

≈800,000
Reserves
≈2,500
Main battle tanks
≈38,000
Armoured vehicles

Source: IISS Military Balance 2024 · U.S. DoD · FAS/SIPRI· Data 2024

approximate values

Defense

United States · Overseas deployments

~154,062

Deployed abroad · August 2026

Open fullscreen

Presence forcesOverseas sovereignty

Source: Defense Manpower Data Center (DMDC), Military and Civilian Personnel by Service/Agency by State/Country (Location Country Report), Active Duty, as of August 31, 2026· Data August 2026

Purchasing power & prices

United States · Inflation (CPI)

3.5%

Q3 2026

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics· Data Q3 2026

Upd. 11/2026

Economy & public finances

United States · Public Debt / GDP

121.2% GDP

Q2 2026

Source: U.S. Office of Management and Budget· Data Q2 2026

Upd. 11/2026Y-axis truncated

Browse by category –See all

Economy & public finances

Purchasing power & prices

Labour market

Health

Security & crime

Immigration & integration

Housing

Pensions

Education & training

Environment, energy & climate

Social cohesion, poverty & inequality

Artificial intelligence

Demography

Briefings –See all

United StatesEconomy & public finances

The world's leading economy sped up in 2026 despite the war with Iran and the tariff turmoil, but the federal deficit reached $2 trillion and inflation forced the Fed to raise rates again, a legacy the Democratic Congress elected on 3 November will have to manage.

2.5%
GDP growth: Q3 2026; 121.2% GDP
Public debt: Q2 2026; -5.8% GDP
Budget balance: 2025

Data as of Nov 7, 2026

United StatesPurchasing power & prices

Back near 2.5% in early 2026, inflation picked up again with the oil shock of the war with Iran (3.7% in September); real wages are falling once more and the Fed raised rates for the first time since 2023.

3.5%
Inflation (CPI): Q3 2026; 2.5%
Core inflation: Q3 2026; 322index
Food prices: Q3 2026

Data as of Nov 7, 2026

United StatesLabour market

Unemployment is still low (4.1% in October 2026) but job creation has slowed, federal employment has fallen sharply and real wages are declining again: the American labour market has entered a "low-hire, low-fire" phase.

4.1%
Unemployment rate (ILO): Q3 2026; 59.1%
Employment rate (15-64): Q3 2026; 61.6%
Activity rate: Q3 2026

Data as of Nov 7, 2026

United StatesHealth

The highest health spending in the world (18% of GDP in 2024), a life expectancy finally back up to 79 years but still the lowest among large rich countries, and health coverage weakened by the end of the enhanced subsidies and the Medicaid reform.

78.7years
Life expectancy: 2018; 17.2% GDP
Health expenditure: 2024; 5.31; per 1,000
Infant mortality: Q1 2026

Data as of Nov 7, 2026

United StatesSecurity & crime

A homicide rate that fell in 2025 to its lowest level since the 1950s, yet remains several times higher than that of the other major wealthy countries, a gap inseparable from a circulation of firearms unique in the world.

4.1; per 100k
Homicides: 2025; 1,535; per 100k
Assault & violence: 2025

Data as of Nov 7, 2026

United StatesImmigration & integration

A « nation of immigrants » (15% of the population foreign-born) where southern border crossings have fallen to their lowest level in decades, while detention, removals and narrower legal pathways reshape migration policy.

14.7%
Immigrant population share: 2025; 843.1K
Naturalisations: 2024; 1.2M
Net migration: 2025

Data as of Nov 7, 2026

United StatesHousing

The 30-year mortgage rate climbed back above 7.3% in autumn 2026 with the return of inflation and the Fed's rate hike: the market remains frozen, construction is stuck at around 1.35 million homes a year and access to homeownership is slipping.

154index
Property price index: Q2 2026; 65.5%
Home ownership rate: Q3 2026; 340.9K
Housing construction: Q3 2026

Data as of Nov 7, 2026

United StatesPensions

A Social Security system paying benefits to more than 70 million Americans and private savings accounts among the most developed in the world, but a trust fund whose depletion is projected for late 2032, with no political deal in sight.

7.3% GDP
Pension expenditure (% of GDP): 2023

Data as of Nov 7, 2026

United StatesEducation & training

Spending per student among the highest, PISA 2025 results average in mathematics and falling in reading, $1.65 trillion of student debt, and a federal department being broken up.

5.4% GDP
Education expenditure: 2021; 19.3KEUR
Spending per student: 2021; 502points
PISA 2025 ranking: Science · 13th of 91 · 2025

Data as of Nov 7, 2026

United StatesEnvironment, energy & climate

The world's second-largest emitter and among the highest per capita: after two years of decline, emissions rose again in 2025, while Washington dismantles most of its climate regulation.

4,781MtCO2e
GHG emissions: 2024; 9.1%
Renewable energy share: 2025; 330; gCO2/kWh
Electricity carbon intensity: 2024

Data as of Nov 7, 2026

United StatesSocial cohesion, poverty & inequality

Official poverty fell to 10.2% in 2025, its lowest on record, but income inequality remains the highest in the G7 (the richest fifth receives 52% of income) and 2026 inflation is again eroding real wages ahead of new restrictions on Medicaid and food assistance.

41.8index
Gini index: 2024; 21.1%
Child poverty: 2023

Data as of Nov 7, 2026

United StatesJustice

The highest incarceration rate in the developed world (about 1.9 million people detained) with strong racial disparities; the post-pandemic decline has given way to a rebound, while immigration detention reaches record levels.

1.3M
Prison population: 2023

Data as of Nov 7, 2026

United StatesTransport & mobility

Car-dominated mobility, road deaths down sharply in 2025 but still two to four times higher than in other rich countries, and electrification slowed by the end of federal support, against the backdrop of an oil shock.

12.7
Road mortality: 2023; 1,753MtCO2e
Transport emissions: 2022

Data as of Nov 7, 2026

United StatesDefense

The world's foremost military power by a wide margin (a third of the planet's military spending in 2025), engaged against Iran and in a technological competition with China, with the administration requesting a defence budget of about $1.5 trillion for 2027.

3.1% GDP
Defense spending: 2025; 954.4BUSD
Military spending (USD): 2025; 14BUSD
Arms exports: 2025

Data as of Nov 7, 2026

United StatesInstitutional trust

Trust in the federal government down to 17%, one of the lowest levels ever measured, democracy indices in clear decline and a polarization that flips trust depending on who holds power, as the November 2026 midterm elections take place.

Data as of Nov 7, 2026

Deep dives –See all

WorldArtificial intelligence

Artificial intelligence: how big is the boom?

The four cloud giants doubled their investment in a year; AI revenue is growing fast but remains far behind.

SEC · capex Microsoft, Alphabet, Amazon, MetaQ1 2024 – Q3 2026

Data as of Nov 10, 2026

United StatesRecord in office

Donald Trump: the record in figures

2nd term (since 2025)

Unemployment0.0 pt4.1% → 4.1%

Public debt+2.5 pts123.4% → 125.9%

4 campaign promises kept out of 17 · 3 in part · 3 in progress · 7 not kept or abandoned

Data as of Nov 9, 2026

United StatesEconomy & public finances

Where do the US deficit and debt come from?

Federal revenue and spending since 1960, item by item: health, retirement, taxes, interest and customs duties.

20152025

Data as of Oct 27, 2026

FranceRecord in office

Emmanuel Macron: the record in figures

Since 2017

Unemployment−1.1 pt9.6% → 8.5%

Public debt+18.6 pts100.5% → 119.1%

7 campaign promises kept out of 21 · 6 in part · 3 in progress · 5 not kept or abandoned

Data as of Nov 8, 2026

GermanyRecord in office

Friedrich Merz: the record in figures

Since May 2025

Unemployment+0.4 pt3.7% → 4.1%

Public debt+2.2 pts61.2% → 63.4%

13 campaign promises kept out of 18 · 1 in part · 4 in progress

Data as of Nov 9, 2026

United KingdomRecord in office

Andy Burnham and the Labour government: the record in figures

Since July 2024

Unemployment+0.5 pt4.2% → 4.7%

Public debt+3.5 pts98.8% → 102.3%

5 campaign promises kept out of 19 · 1 in part · 13 in progress

Data as of Nov 9, 2026

JapanRecord in office

Sanae Takaichi: the record in figures

Since October 2025

Unemployment−0.2 pt2.6% → 2.4%

Prices+2.2%112.0 → 114.5

6 campaign promises kept out of 12 · 6 in progress

Data as of Nov 9, 2026

ChinaRecord in office

Xi Jinping: the record in figures

Since 2012

Unemployment+0.1 pt4.6% → 4.6%

Public debt+65.6 pts33.0% → 98.6%

10 campaign promises kept out of 20 · 3 in part · 3 in progress · 4 not kept or abandoned

Data as of Nov 9, 2026

European UnionPensions

Pensions: what the figures say

Pension expenditure, exit age and normal retirement age, older workers’ employment and the income of people aged 65+ in Europe; the COR’s French trajectory to 2070.

Eurostat · spr_exp_pens2024

Data as of Oct 30, 2026

FranceEconomy & public finances

Where do France’s deficit and debt come from?

Public revenue and spending since 1995, item by item: pensions, health, tax cuts and a comparison with neighbouring countries.

20152025

Data as of Oct 25, 2026

GermanyEconomy & public finances

Where do Germany’s deficit and debt come from?

German public revenue and spending since 1995, item by item, and a comparison with France on the same accounts.

20152025

Data as of Oct 27, 2026

ItalyEconomy & public finances

Where does Italy’s public deficit come from?

Italian public revenue and spending since 1995, item by item, and a comparison with France on the same accounts.

20152025

Data as of Oct 30, 2026

SpainEconomy & public finances

Where does Spain’s public deficit come from?

Spanish public revenue and spending since 1995, item by item, and a comparison with France on the same accounts.

20152025

Data as of Oct 30, 2026

United KingdomEconomy & public finances

Where do the UK’s deficit and debt come from?

UK public revenue and spending since 1995, item by item, and a comparison with France on the same accounts.

20152025

Data as of Oct 27, 2026

TurkeyEconomy & public finances

Where does Turkey’s public deficit come from?

Turkish public revenue and spending since 2008, by type, and a comparison with France on the same statistics.

20152023

Data as of Oct 30, 2026

CanadaEconomy & public finances

Where does Canada’s public deficit come from?

Canadian public revenue and spending since 1995, by type, and a comparison with France on the same accounts.

20152025

Data as of Oct 30, 2026

MexicoEconomy & public finances

Where does Mexico’s public deficit come from?

Mexican public revenue and spending since 2003, by type, and a comparison with France on the same accounts.

20152024

Data as of Oct 30, 2026

BrazilEconomy & public finances

Where does Brazil’s public deficit come from?

Brazilian public revenue and spending since 2010, item by item, and a comparison with France on the same statistics.

20152023

Data as of Oct 30, 2026

JapanEconomy & public finances

Where do Japan’s deficit and debt come from?

Japanese public revenue and spending since 2005, item by item, and the story of a debt that went from 63% to over 200% of GDP.

20152024

Data as of Oct 27, 2026

South KoreaEconomy & public finances

Where does South Korea’s public deficit come from?

South Korean public revenue and spending since 1995, item by item, and a comparison with France on the same accounts.

20152025

Data as of Oct 30, 2026

AustraliaEconomy & public finances

Where does Australia’s public deficit come from?

Australian public revenue and spending since 1999, item by item, and a comparison with France on the same statistics.

20152025

Data as of Oct 30, 2026

Compare countries

GDP growth · China vs United States

Open comparison →

China
4.5 %
2026
United States
2.3 %
2025

The 2025 budget reconciliation law, signed on 4 July 2025, makes the 2017 tax cuts permanent, adds temporary deductions for tips, overtime and seniors, raises the cap on the state and local tax deduction, adds work requirements to Medicaid and SNAP, phases out several clean-energy tax credits, funds immigration enforcement and defense, and raises the federal debt limit by $5 trillion. The CBO estimates it adds $3.4 trillion to deficits over 2025–2034 relative to its January 2025 baseline. Known as the « One Big Beautiful Bill Act », it has no official short title: the Senate struck it before passage.

In forceProvisions take effect on staggered dates, from 2025 to 2030 and beyond.

Updated: November 3, 2026

United StatesJustice

First Step Act of 2018: federal prison and sentencing reform

Signed on 21 December 2018, the First Step Act lets federal prisoners earn time credits (10 to 15 days per 30 days of recidivism-reduction programmes, assigned by a risk assessment tool (PATTERN)) toward home confinement or early supervised release. It also cuts some mandatory minimum sentences for repeat drug offences, broadens the « safety valve », makes the 2010 Fair Sentencing Act retroactive and bans restraints on pregnant prisoners. It applies to the federal system only, not to state prisons.

In forcePhased implementation: risk tool released in July 2019, time-credit rule in force since January 2022, revised in 2026.

Updated: November 3, 2026

United StatesDefense

National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026 (Public Law 119-60): $890.6 billion authorized, acquisition reform, troop floors in Europe and Korea

The annual defense authorization law for fiscal year 2026 (1 October 2025 – 30 September 2026), signed on 18 December 2025, authorizes $890.6 billion for national defense programs within the Armed Services Committees’ jurisdiction, $8 billion above the President’s request. It sets active-duty end strengths, rewrites defense acquisition around « portfolio acquisition executives », writes the « Golden Dome for America » missile defense policy into law, extends Ukraine aid authority to 2029, bars funds from reducing U.S. forces in Europe below 76,000 or in South Korea below 28,500 before a certification, and repeals the 1991 and 2002 Iraq war authorizations. An authorization act does not appropriate money: the funds themselves were provided by the Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2026, enacted on 3 February 2026.

In forceAuthorizes appropriations for fiscal year 2026 (to 30 September 2026); the money itself comes from appropriations acts. Many provisions amend permanent law.

Updated: November 3, 2026

BrazilEconomy & public finances

Income tax reform: zero tax up to R$ 5,000 a month and a minimum tax on high incomes (Law 15.270/2025)

Law No. 15.270 of 26 November 2025 amends Brazil’s personal income tax. Since January 2026, a tax reduction cancels the monthly tax on taxable income up to R$ 5,000 and phases out between R$ 5,000.01 and R$ 7,350. To offset the cost, profits and dividends above R$ 50,000 a month paid by one company to one resident individual bear a 10% withholding, dividends sent abroad a 10% withholding, and individuals with total annual income above R$ 600,000 owe a minimum tax rising to 10%, settled from the 2027 annual return. Submitted by the government in March 2025, the bill was passed by the Chamber of Deputies on 1 October and by the Senate on 5 November 2025. Several of its dividend provisions are challenged before the Supreme Federal Court.

In forceThe monthly reduction and the 10% withholding on dividends apply from January 2026; the annual reduction and the minimum tax apply to income of 2026, settled in the 2027 annual return.

Updated: November 10, 2026

RussiaEconomy & public finances

VAT increase from 20% to 22%, 2026

Federal Law No. 425-FZ of 28 November 2025 raises Russia’s standard rate of value added tax (НДС) from 20% to 22% from 1 January 2026, while keeping the 10% reduced rate on socially significant goods (food, medicines, children’s goods). The Ministry of Finance, which proposed it in September 2025 as part of the budget package, says the measure is aimed first of all at financing defence and security. The same law lowers the income threshold above which businesses on the simplified tax system (УСН) must pay VAT, from 60 million roubles to 20 million; a law of July 2026 keeps that threshold at 20 million for several more years. The Bank of Russia attributes January 2026’s jump in prices mainly to the pass-through of the VAT increase, which it describes as a one-off.

In forceApplies to supplies made from 1 January 2026; the 10% reduced rate is unchanged.

Updated: November 10, 2026

GermanyEconomy & public finances

2025 debt brake reform and the €500bn infrastructure and climate neutrality fund

The constitutional amendment of 22 March 2025 exempts from the debt brake the defence and security spending above 1% of GDP, gives the Länder as a whole a structural borrowing margin of 0.35% of GDP and allows a special fund of up to €500bn, financed by borrowing outside the debt brake, for additional investment in infrastructure and climate neutrality by 2045. The SVIKG act set up the fund from 1 January 2025: €100bn for the Länder, €100bn for the Climate and Transformation Fund, investments approved until the end of 2036.

In forceThe SVIKG act of 30 September 2025 applies retroactively from 1 January 2025; the acts on the Länder share and on the Länder borrowing margin followed on 23 October 2025.

The AI-enabled observatory of government performance

Featured indicators

The world's leading economy sped up in 2026 despite the war with Iran and the tariff turmoil, but the federal deficit reached $2 trillion and inflation forced the Fed to raise rates again, a legacy the Democratic Congress elected on 3 November will have to manage.

Back near 2.5% in early 2026, inflation picked up again with the oil shock of the war with Iran (3.7% in September); real wages are falling once more and the Fed raised rates for the first time since 2023.

Unemployment is still low (4.1% in October 2026) but job creation has slowed, federal employment has fallen sharply and real wages are declining again: the American labour market has entered a "low-hire, low-fire" phase.

The highest health spending in the world (18% of GDP in 2024), a life expectancy finally back up to 79 years but still the lowest among large rich countries, and health coverage weakened by the end of the enhanced subsidies and the Medicaid reform.

A homicide rate that fell in 2025 to its lowest level since the 1950s, yet remains several times higher than that of the other major wealthy countries, a gap inseparable from a circulation of firearms unique in the world.

A « nation of immigrants » (15% of the population foreign-born) where southern border crossings have fallen to their lowest level in decades, while detention, removals and narrower legal pathways reshape migration policy.

The 30-year mortgage rate climbed back above 7.3% in autumn 2026 with the return of inflation and the Fed's rate hike: the market remains frozen, construction is stuck at around 1.35 million homes a year and access to homeownership is slipping.

A Social Security system paying benefits to more than 70 million Americans and private savings accounts among the most developed in the world, but a trust fund whose depletion is projected for late 2032, with no political deal in sight.

Spending per student among the highest, PISA 2025 results average in mathematics and falling in reading, $1.65 trillion of student debt, and a federal department being broken up.

The world's second-largest emitter and among the highest per capita: after two years of decline, emissions rose again in 2025, while Washington dismantles most of its climate regulation.

Official poverty fell to 10.2% in 2025, its lowest on record, but income inequality remains the highest in the G7 (the richest fifth receives 52% of income) and 2026 inflation is again eroding real wages ahead of new restrictions on Medicaid and food assistance.

The highest incarceration rate in the developed world (about 1.9 million people detained) with strong racial disparities; the post-pandemic decline has given way to a rebound, while immigration detention reaches record levels.

Car-dominated mobility, road deaths down sharply in 2025 but still two to four times higher than in other rich countries, and electrification slowed by the end of federal support, against the backdrop of an oil shock.

The world's foremost military power by a wide margin (a third of the planet's military spending in 2025), engaged against Iran and in a technological competition with China, with the administration requesting a defence budget of about $1.5 trillion for 2027.

Trust in the federal government down to 17%, one of the lowest levels ever measured, democracy indices in clear decline and a polarization that flips trust depending on who holds power, as the November 2026 midterm elections take place.

Artificial intelligence: how big is the boom?

Donald Trump: the record in figures

Where do the US deficit and debt come from?

Emmanuel Macron: the record in figures

Friedrich Merz: the record in figures

Andy Burnham and the Labour government: the record in figures

Sanae Takaichi: the record in figures

Xi Jinping: the record in figures

Pensions: what the figures say

Where do France’s deficit and debt come from?

Where do Germany’s deficit and debt come from?

Where does Italy’s public deficit come from?

Where does Spain’s public deficit come from?

Where do the UK’s deficit and debt come from?

Where does Turkey’s public deficit come from?

Where does Canada’s public deficit come from?

Where does Mexico’s public deficit come from?

Where does Brazil’s public deficit come from?

Where do Japan’s deficit and debt come from?

Where does South Korea’s public deficit come from?

Where does Australia’s public deficit come from?

Compare countries

« One Big Beautiful Bill Act » (Public Law 119-21): tax cuts, Medicaid and SNAP changes, higher debt limit

First Step Act of 2018: federal prison and sentencing reform

National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026 (Public Law 119-60): $890.6 billion authorized, acquisition reform, troop floors in Europe and Korea

Income tax reform: zero tax up to R$ 5,000 a month and a minimum tax on high incomes (Law 15.270/2025)

VAT increase from 20% to 22%, 2026

2025 debt brake reform and the €500bn infrastructure and climate neutrality fund

EU economic governance reform of 2024: the new fiscal rules

One Canadian Economy Act (Bill C-5): internal free trade and fast-tracked national interest projects

Redesign of the « Stage 3 » income tax cuts (2024) and the 2026-2027 top-ups

GST rate rationalisation (« GST 2.0 »), 2025

Labour Modernisation Act (Law 27,802)

The 40-hour working week: a gradual cut from 48 hours (2026 reform)

The four labour codes (2019-2020)

Employment Rights Act 2025

2026 reform of basic income support for jobseekers: from Bürgergeld to Grundsicherungsgeld

« Yellow Envelope Act »: amendment of articles 2 and 3 of the Trade Union Act

Work Style Reform: the legal cap on overtime (2018 act)

2023 Full Employment Act: France Travail and automatic registration of RSA recipients

Canadian Dental Care Plan and the interim Canada Dental Benefit

EU Pact on Migration and Asylum (2024)

Law of Real Estate Ownership by Non-Saudis: foreigners may buy property in designated zones

Planning and Infrastructure Act 2025 and the 1.5 million homes target

National Housing Accord and Housing Australia Future Fund: 1.2 million homes in five years

Gradual increase of the statutory retirement age (2025)

Two-pot retirement system: one-third of contributions accessible before retirement, two-thirds preserved

National Pension reform of 2025: contributions from 9% to 13%, replacement rate of 43%

2023 pension reform: legal retirement age raised to 64

Social media minimum age of 16 (2024 Act and 2026 enforcement Act)

Climate Law No. 7552 and the Turkish emissions trading system (ETS), 2025

Removal of the consumer carbon price (federal fuel charge), 2025

Abolition of the two-child limit in Universal Credit (2026)

Differentiated autonomy act for ordinary-statute regions (Calderoli act, 2024)

Indonesia’s new Criminal Code (KUHP, Law No. 1 of 2023)

Justice orientation and programming act 2023-2027

Military Service Modernisation Act (« new military service »)

Japan’s defence buildup: the 2022 security documents and their financing act

Military programming act 2024-2030 and its 2026 update

The « premierato » constitutional reform: direct election of the Prime Minister

EU Artificial Intelligence Act (2024) and its 2026 « Digital Omnibus » amendment

Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 and its 2025 Rules

Children’s Future Strategy and the child-rearing support levy